Established in 1993 as collaboration between Livengood, Valentine and a drummer, whose goal was "to play the slowest and heaviest music on Earth". In 1994 Livengood switched from bass to drums, Valentine co-opted his gear, adding it to hers, and the band became Jucifer. First recordings were done in 94-95, with only one track from the sessions seeing release although several would end up re-recorded for later albums. As Jucifer evolved they expanded their musical goals beyond 'slow' to embrace more diverse challenges. To date the band has attacked genres ranging from acoustic folk to grindcore. While their albums span many genres and have often showcased Jucifer's capacity for delicacy, the live show has remained an exercise in brutality. Record labels have generally presented Jucifer as an alternative rock band, promoting their more accessible tracks. Valentine has said that they were discouraged [by labels] from making metal albums. She has also stated that the band enjoys writing and recording every type of song. But Jucifer's extreme metal core is evident in their live show: wall of amplification, colossal drums, and a non-stop set of music best described as sludgethrashdoomgrind. They are known to be wildly energetic on stage and incredibly [even unbearably] loud. Critics often laud Jucifer for their schizophrenic output, as do the band's own fans. Those who dislike the band seem to do so based on the same diversity that draws others to them. Jucifer was one of the earliest bands to combine very aggressive, down-tuned music with angelic female vocals, which seems to be a polarizing factor for listeners. Fans often praise Valentine's vocal range, which is also employed for varied styles of screaming and growling. Jucifer is known for being pioneers of the two-piece band as well as for the fact that they have toured constantly since 2001. After numerous van tours during their years based in Athens, GA (1993-2000) the band literally moved into their tour bus. Valentine has stated that much of their writing since then stems from onstage improvisation, due to the fact that they are always touring and have no practice space. True nomads, Jucifer have performed all over North America and Europe